How are the wear resistance, toughness and high temperature performance of precision mold improved through material selection and heat treatment process?
Publish Time: 2024-12-25
The wear resistance, toughness and high temperature performance of precision mold are crucial to the life and processing efficiency of the mold. The improvement of these performances is mainly achieved through reasonable material selection and heat treatment process.
In terms of material selection, mold steel is the main material for precision mold manufacturing. In order to improve wear resistance, high-hardness mold steels such as high-speed steel, alloy tool steel and cemented carbide are often used. High-speed steel contains elements such as cobalt, tungsten, and molybdenum, with high hardness, good heat resistance, and excellent toughness. Alloy tool steel occupies an important position in mold manufacturing with its high wear resistance, high toughness, and high strength and hardness at high temperatures. Cemented carbide plays a key role in the manufacture of mold components such as cutting tools with its extremely high hardness and wear resistance.
Heat treatment process is also crucial to improving the wear resistance, toughness and high temperature performance of the mold. Common heat treatment processes include quenching, tempering, carburizing, nitriding, etc. Quenching can significantly improve the hardness and wear resistance of mold steel, while improving mirror polishing and rust resistance. However, after quenching, the internal stress of mold steel increases, which is easy to cause cracking, so it is necessary to perform tempering treatment in time to eliminate quenching stress and stabilize mold size and performance.
Carburizing treatment can make the surface of mold steel obtain high carbon concentration, improve surface hardness and wear resistance, while maintaining a certain toughness inside. Nitriding can improve the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the mold surface, and further enhance the life of the mold.
In addition, the heat treatment process of mold steel also includes two categories: ordinary furnace heat treatment and vacuum furnace heat treatment. Vacuum furnace heat treatment can significantly improve the various properties of mold steel, such as hardness, wear resistance, toughness, etc., while effectively removing stress, reducing the risk of cracking, and improving mirror polishing.
In summary, through reasonable material selection and heat treatment process, the wear resistance, toughness and high temperature performance of precision mold can be significantly improved. In practical applications, it is necessary to select appropriate mold steel and heat treatment process according to the specific use conditions and performance requirements of the mold to achieve the best performance matching and economic benefits.
